What causes it?

The bacterium called Treponema pallidum causes it.

What are the common symptoms?

According to the clinical manifestations at different stages. There are three different stages of syphilis and symptoms are similar for men and women.

Primary stage:

A painless sore (called a chancre) appears at the site of infection approximately 10-90 days after contact. The sore may appear on any part of the body, usually on the penis or vulva, but sometimes the sore will not be noticed, especially in women when the sore is inside the vagina.

Secondary stage:

During this time, a person may develop non-itchy rash on the palms of the hands, soles of the feet, the belly or the genitals. There may also be some flu-like symptoms. The symptoms in this stage will disappear in a few weeks even without treatment. However, this does not mean that the patient has recovered. In fact, the bacteria are still lurking inside the body.
Latent stage:

Tertiary stage (months to years):

The bacteria continue to invade the brain, the spinal cord and the heart, causing blindness, paralysis and even death.
Disregard of the disease stage, improperly treated pregnant woman can transmit the disease to the unborn baby, leading to serious consequences.

Incubation period

There may be no symptoms at all and is usually not contagious during this stage.

What test do I do if I have syphilis?

You need to be examined by a doctor and could use microscopic examination of the material from the sores or blood tests. The person(s) you have had sex with should also be tested for the disease.

What causes it?

The bacterium called Chlamydia trachomatis causes it which is the most common cause of non-gonococcal urethritis.

What are the common symptoms?

In many cases, there are no noticeable symptoms for chlamydia

, but when symptoms appear, they are similar to those of gonorrhoea.

For men, the most likely symptoms are:

• A discharge from penis
• Pain or burning feeling while passing water
• Need to pass water more often
• Irritation or an itching feeling inside the penis

For women, possible symptoms are:

• A slight increase in vaginal discharge
• Pain or burning feeling while passing water
• Need to pass water more often
• Irregular periods
• Pain during sex

How do I find out if I have chlamydia?

You need to be examined by a doctor. Chlamydia can be diagnosed by a swab taken from place which may be infected, or by a urine sample. Your sexual partner must also be tested for the disease.

What causes it?

The virus called Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) causes it. HIV can be transmitted through:

• Direct sexual contact with someone who has HIV
• Sharing injecting equipment and personal items such as razors or toothbrushes that are contaminated with HIV infected blood
• A mother with HIV to her baby during pregnancy or at birth

What are the common symptoms?

An HIV carrier may is often asymptomatic and cannot be identified by any external features. AIDS can take up to 15 years to develop after the infection with HIV. At the very beginning, the infected person may experience:

• Flu-like symptoms
• Fever
• Weight loss
• Fatigue
• Swollen glands

What are the effects?

Over a long period of time, the immune system becomes severely damaged. Eventually the immune system is unable to prevent the development of serious illnesses including rare forms of pneumonia and skin cancer. Successive opportunistic illnesses eventually lead to death.

HPV Virus DNA Genotyping 28 Types

Detects 28 common HPV viruses (18 high-risk and 10 low-risk viruses), including the main culprits of cervical cancer (such as HPV 16 and 18) and HPV viruses that can cause genital warts (commonly known as cauliflower) (such as HPV 6 and 11). papillomavirus (HPV) is a common sexually transmitted virus that can cause a variety of diseases, including genital warts and cancer. HPV virus DNA genotyping includes 28 different HPV virus DNA genotypes, which can be divided into “high-risk” and “low-risk.” High-risk HPV: HPV types 16 and 18 can cause cancer such as cervical cancer, vulvar cancer, vaginal cancer in women, and penile cancer, “oropharyngeal cancer” and “anal cancer” in men. Low-risk HPV viruses usually do not cause cancer, but they can cause genital warts.

HPV DNA testing has high sensitivity and accuracy, can detect HPV virus in the early stage, and can also cover most high-risk types of viruses that cause cervical cancer. Using HPV virus gene testing technology, it is possible to detect sexually transmitted diseases that cannot be detected by traditional HPV testing methods. Early treatment and monitoring before the virus develops further abnormalities can help prevent the formation of cervical cancer.

What causes it?

This is the most common cause of non-gonococcal urethritis. A number of organisms can cause it.

What are the common symptoms?

Men may experience the following symptoms:

• A urethral discharge that may be more noticeable first thing in the morning
• Pain or a burning sensation when passing water
• Irritation of the penis

What are the regular complications?

NGU may recur. A recurrence may be triggered by excessive friction during sex, or drinking too much alcohol.

If inadequately treated or not treated, serious complications may occur although they are rare. These include:

• Inflammation of the testicles
• Reduce fertility
• Reiters syndrome which causes inflammation of the eyes, joints and urethra

What causes it?

This can caused by the virus called Herpes simplex II

What are the common symptoms?

Both men and women may have one or more symptoms, including:

• Tingling or itching in the genital or anal area
• Cluster of tiny fluid-filled blisters. These blisters burst and leave painful sores
• that last from two to three weeks.
• A flu-like illness like headache, backache, swollen glands or fever
• Painful urination if it passes over any of the open sores

Hepatitis B Surface Antigen

A unique set of proteins on the surface of the hepatitis B virus. A positive result indicates that the virus is latent in the body, and it can be determined whether the patient is infected with the hepatitis B virus.

Hepatitis B Surface Antibody

An antibody produced by the immune system against the hepatitis B surface antigen protein. A positive result indicates that there are antibodies in the body. For those who have never been vaccinated but have antibodies, it means that they have been infected but have fully recovered and have lifelong immunity.